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Design_Pattern - Null Object Pattern

In Null Object pattern, a null object replaces check of NULL object instance. Instead of putting if check for a null value, Null Object reflects a do nothing relationship. Such Null object can also be used to provide default behaviour in case data is not available.

In Null Object pattern, we create an abstract class specifying various operations to be done, concrete classes extending this class and a null object class providing do nothing implementation of this class and will be used to check null value.

Implementation

We are going to create an AbstractCustomer abstract class defining operations. Here concrete classes will extend the AbstractCustomer class. A factory class CustomerFactory is created to return either RealCustomer or NullCustomer objects based on the name of customer passed to it.

NullPatternDemo, our demo class, will use CustomerFactory to demonstrate the use of Null Object pattern.

Step 1

Create an abstract class.

AbstractCustomer.java

public abstract class AbstractCustomer {
protected String name;
public abstract boolean isNil();
public abstract String getName();
}

Step 2

Create concrete classes extending the above class.

RealCustomer.java

public class RealCustomer extends AbstractCustomer {
public RealCustomer(String name) {
this.name = name;

}
@Override
public String getName() {
return name;
}
@Override
public boolean isNil() {
return false;
}
}

NullCustomer.java

public class NullCustomer extends AbstractCustomer {
@Override
public String getName() {
return "Not Available in Customer Database";
}
@Override
public boolean isNil() {
return true;
}
}

Step 3

Create CustomerFactory Class.

CustomerFactory.java

public class CustomerFactory {
public static final String[] names = {"Rob", "Joe", "Julie"};
public static AbstractCustomer getCustomer(String name){
for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) {
if (names[i].equalsIgnoreCase(name)){
return new RealCustomer(name);
}
}
return new NullCustomer();
}
}

Step 4

Use the CustomerFactory to get either RealCustomer or NullCustomer objects based on the name of customer passed to it.

NullPatternDemo.java

public class NullPatternDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
AbstractCustomer customer1 = CustomerFactory.getCustomer("Rob");
AbstractCustomer customer2 = CustomerFactory.getCustomer("Bob");
AbstractCustomer customer3 = CustomerFactory.getCustomer("Julie");
AbstractCustomer customer4 = CustomerFactory.getCustomer("Laura");
System.out.println("Customers");
System.out.println(customer1.getName());
System.out.println(customer2.getName());
System.out.println(customer3.getName());
System.out.println(customer4.getName());
}
}

Step 5

Verify the output.

Customers
Rob
Not Available in Customer Database
Julie
Not Available in Customer Database

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Design_Pattern - Null Object Pattern