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Design_Pattern - Template Pattern

In Template pattern, an abstract class defines way(s)/template(s) to execute its methods. Its subclasses can override the method implementation as per need but the invocation is to be in the same way as defined by an abstract class. This pattern comes under behavior pattern category.

Implementation

We are going to create a Game abstract class defining operations with a template method set to be final so that it cannot be overridden. Cricket and Football are concrete classes that extend Game and override its methods.

TemplatePatternDemo, our demo class, will use Game to demonstrate use of template pattern.

Step 1

Create an abstract class with a template method being final.

Game.java

public abstract class Game {
abstract void initialize();
abstract void startPlay();
abstract void endPlay();
//template method
public final void play(){
//initialize the game
initialize();
//start game
startPlay();
//end game
endPlay();
}
}

Step 2

Create concrete classes extending the above class.

Cricket.java

public class Cricket extends Game {
@Override
void endPlay() {
System.out.println("Cricket Game Finished!");
}
@Override
void initialize() {
System.out.println("Cricket Game Initialized! Start playing.");
}
@Override
void startPlay() {
System.out.println("Cricket Game Started. Enjoy the game!");
}
}

Football.java

public class Football extends Game {
@Override
void endPlay() {
System.out.println("Football Game Finished!");
}
@Override
void initialize() {
System.out.println("Football Game Initialized! Start playing.");
}
@Override
void startPlay() {
System.out.println("Football Game Started. Enjoy the game!");
}
}

Step 3

Use the Game's template method play() to demonstrate a defined way of playing game.

TemplatePatternDemo.java

public class TemplatePatternDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Game game = new Cricket();
game.play();
System.out.println();
game = new Football();
game.play();
}
}

Step 4

Verify the output.

Cricket Game Initialized! Start playing.
Cricket Game Started. Enjoy the game!
Cricket Game Finished!
Football Game Initialized! Start playing.
Football Game Started. Enjoy the game!
Football Game Finished!

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Design_Pattern - Template Pattern