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Java - Sending E-mail

To send an e-mail using your Java Application is simple enough but to start with you should haveJavaMail

API and Java Activation Framework (JAF) installed on your machine.

You can download latest version of JavaMail (Version 1.2) from Java's standard website.
You can download latest version of JAF (Version 1.1.1) from Java's standard website.

Download and unzip these files, in the newly created top level directories you will find a number of jar files for both the applications. You need to add mail.jar and activation.jar files in your CLASSPATH.

Send a Simple E --mail:

Here is an example to send a simple e-mail from your machine. Here it is assumed that your localhostis connected to the internet and capable enough to send an e-mail.

// File Name SendEmail.java
import java.util.*;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.activation.*;
public class SendEmail
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
String to ="abcd@gmail.com";
// Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
Stringfrom="web@gmail.com";
// Assuming you are sending email from localhost
String host ="localhost";
// Get system properties
Properties properties =System.getProperties();
// Setup mail server
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);
// Get the default Session object.
Session session =Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);
try{
// Create a default MimeMessage object.
MimeMessage message =new MimeMessage(session);
// Set From: header field of the header.
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
// Set To: header field of the header.
message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress(to));
// Set Subject: header field message.
setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");
// Now set the actual message
message.setText("This is actual message");
// Send message
Transport.send(message);
System.out.println("Sent message successfully....");
}catch(MessagingException mex){
mex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

Compile and run this program to send a simple e-mail:

$ java SendEmail
Sent message successfully....

If you want to send an e-mail to multiple recipients, then following methods would be used to specify multiple e-mail IDs:

void addRecipients(Message.RecipientType type,
Address[] addresses)
throwsMessagingException

Here is the description of the parameters:

type: This would be set to TO, CC or BCC. Here CC represents Carbon Copy and BCC represents Black Carbon Copy. Example Message.RecipientType.TO
addresses: This is the array of e-mail ID. You would need to use InternetAddress() method while specifying e-mail IDs

Send an HTML E --mail:

Here is an example to send an HTML e-mail from your machine. Here, it is assumed that your localhostis connected to the internet and capable enough to send an e-mail.

This example is very similar to previous one, except here we are using setContent() method to set content, whose second argument is "text/html" to specify that the HTML content is included in the message.

Using this example, you can send as big as HTML content you like.

// File Name SendHTMLEmail.java
import java.util.*;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.activation.*;
public class SendHTMLEmail
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
String to ="abcd@gmail.com";
// Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
Stringfrom="web@gmail.com";
// Assuming you are sending email from localhost
String host ="localhost";
// Get system properties
Properties properties =System.getProperties();
// Setup mail server
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);
// Get the default Session object.
Session session =Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);
try{
// Create a default MimeMessage object.
MimeMessage message =new MimeMessage(session);
// Set From: header field of the header.
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
// Set To: header field of the header.
message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
newInternetAddress(to));
// Set Subject: header field
message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");
// Send the actual HTML message, as big as you like
message.setContent("<h1>This is actual message</h1>",
"text/html");
// Send message
Transport.send(message);
System.out.println("Sent message successfully....");
}catch(MessagingException mex){
mex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

Compile and run this program to send an HTML e-mail:

$ java SendHTMLEmail
Sent message successfully....

Send Attachment in E --mail:

Here is an example to send an e-mail with attachment from your machine. Here, it is assumed that yourlocalhost is connected to the internet and capable enough to send an e-mail.

// File Name SendFileEmail.java
import java.util.*;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.activation.*;
public class SendFileEmail
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
String to ="abcd@gmail.com";
// Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
Stringfrom="web@gmail.com";
// Assuming you are sending email from localhost
String host ="localhost";
// Get system properties
Properties properties =System.getProperties();
// Setup mail server
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);
// Get the default Session object.
Session session =Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);
try{
// Create a default MimeMessage object.
MimeMessage message =new MimeMessage(session);
// Set From: header field of the header.
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
// Set To: header field of the header.
message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
new InternetAddress(to)); // Set Subject: header field
message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!"); // Create the message part
BodyPart messageBodyPart =new MimeBodyPart();
// Fill the message
messageBodyPart.setText("This is message body");
// Create a multipar message
Multipart multipart =new MimeMultipart();
// Set text message part
multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
// Part two is attachment
messageBodyPart =new MimeBodyPart();
String filename ="file.txt";
DataSource source =new FileDataSource(filename);
messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);
multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
// Send the complete message parts
message.setContent(multipart );
// Send message
Transport.send(message);
System.out.println("Sent message successfully....");
}catch(MessagingException mex){
mex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

Compile and run this program to send an HTML e-mail:

$ java SendFileEmail
Sent message successfully....

User Authentication Part:

If it is required to provide user ID and Password to the e-mail server for authentication purpose, then you can set these properties as follows:

props.setProperty("mail.user","myuser");
props.setProperty("mail.password","mypwd");

Rest of the e-mail sending mechanism would remain as explained above.

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Java - Sending E-mail